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The Western Journal of Medicine Jan 1979
Topics: Adolescent; Barium Sulfate; Child; Child, Preschool; Enema; Female; Humans; Infant; Intussusception; Male; Radiography
PubMed: 419748
DOI: No ID Found -
Particle and Fibre Toxicology Jul 2017Nanomaterials like cerium oxide and barium sulfate are frequently processed in industrial and consumer products and exposure of humans and other organisms is likely....
BACKGROUND
Nanomaterials like cerium oxide and barium sulfate are frequently processed in industrial and consumer products and exposure of humans and other organisms is likely. Generally less information is given on health effects and toxicity, especially regarding long-term exposure to low nanoparticle doses. Since inhalation is still the major route of uptake the present study focused on pulmonary effects of CeONM-212 (0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0 mg/m) and BaSONM-220 nanoparticles (50.0 mg/m) in a 90-day exposure setup. To define particle-related effects and potential mechanisms of action, observations in histopathology, bronchoalveolar lavage and immunohistochemistry were linked to pulmonary deposition and clearance rates. This further allows evaluation of potential overload related effects.
RESULTS
Lung burden values increased with increasing nanoparticle dose levels and ongoing exposure. At higher doses, cerium clearance was impaired, suggesting lung overload. Barium elimination was extremely rapid and without any signs of overload. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis and histopathology revealed lung tissue inflammation with increasing severity and post-exposure persistency for CeO. Also, marker levels for genotoxicity and cell proliferation were significantly increased. BaSO showed less inflammation or persistency of effects and particularly affected the nasal cavity.
CONCLUSION
CeO nanoparticles penetrate the alveolar space and affect the respiratory tract after inhalation mainly in terms of inflammation. Effects at low dose levels and post-exposure persistency suggest potential long-term effects and a notable relevance for human health. The generated data might be useful to improve nanoparticle risk assessment and threshold value generation. Mechanistic investigations at conditions of non-overload and absent inflammation should be further investigated in future studies.
Topics: Aerosols; Barium Sulfate; Biomarkers; Body Burden; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cerium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Inhalation Exposure; Lung; Nanoparticles; Pneumonia; Risk Assessment; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution
PubMed: 28701164
DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0204-6 -
Gastroenterology Jan 1997
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Colorectal Neoplasms; Enema; Humans; Radiography; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 8978373
DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(97)70248-8 -
BMJ Case Reports May 2015Nexplanon (Schering-Plough Limited/Merck Sharp & Dohme Limited (MSD)) is a long active reversible contraceptive method that provides effective contraception for...
Nexplanon (Schering-Plough Limited/Merck Sharp & Dohme Limited (MSD)) is a long active reversible contraceptive method that provides effective contraception for 3 years. It consists of a single, flexible, rod-shaped implant, containing 68 mg etonogestrel. It is 4 cm long, consists of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, a non-absorbable material, and also contains 15 mg of barium sulfate, which makes it visible by X-ray. We describe a case of a 39-year-old woman who experienced a local reaction to the barium sulfate in Nexplanon. She was given medical treatment, but only the removal of the implant resolved the symptoms. After removal there was gradual improvement and 72 h later the patient was asymptomatic. Allergic reaction to barium sulfate is extremely rare: until now, there have only been two cases associated with Nexplanon described in the literature.
Topics: Adult; Barium Sulfate; Contraceptive Agents, Female; Desogestrel; Device Removal; Drug Eruptions; Drug Implants; Female; Humans; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25953577
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-206256 -
Dysphagia Feb 2014Barium may affect the perception of taste intensity and palatability. Such differences are important considerations in the selection of dysphagia assessment strategies...
Barium may affect the perception of taste intensity and palatability. Such differences are important considerations in the selection of dysphagia assessment strategies and interpretation of results. Eighty healthy women grouped by age (younger, older) and genetic taste status (supertaster, nontaster) rated intensity and palatability for seven tastants prepared in deionized water with and without 40 % w/v barium: noncarbonated and carbonated water, diluted ethanol, and high concentrations of citric acid (sour), sodium chloride (salty), caffeine (bitter), and sucrose (sweet). Mixed-model analyses explored the effects of barium, taster status, and age on perceived taste intensity and acceptability of stimuli. Barium was associated with lower taste intensity ratings for sweet, salty, and bitter tastants, higher taste intensity in carbonated water, and lower palatability in water, sweet, sour, and carbonated water. Older subjects reported lower palatability (all barium samples, sour) and higher taste intensity scores (ethanol, sweet, sour) compared to younger subjects. Supertasters reported higher taste intensity (ethanol, sweet, sour, salty, bitter) and lower palatability (ethanol, salty, bitter) than nontasters. Refusal rates were highest for younger subjects and supertasters, and for barium (regardless of tastant), bitter, and ethanol. Barium suppressed the perceived intensity of some tastes and reduced palatability. These effects are more pronounced in older subjects and supertasters, but younger supertasters are least likely to tolerate trials of barium and strong tastant solutions.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Barium Sulfate; Contrast Media; Deglutition; Deglutition Disorders; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Middle Aged; Taste; Taste Perception; Tongue; Young Adult
PubMed: 24037100
DOI: 10.1007/s00455-013-9487-4 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2020This work reports the versatility of polydopamine (PD) when applied as a particle coating in a composite of polylactide (PLA). Polydopamine was observed to increase the...
This work reports the versatility of polydopamine (PD) when applied as a particle coating in a composite of polylactide (PLA). Polydopamine was observed to increase the particle-matrix interface strength and facilitate the adsorption of drugs to the material surface. Here, barium sulfate radiopaque particles were functionalized with polydopamine and integrated into a polylactide matrix, leading to the formulation of a biodegradable and X-ray opaque material with enhanced mechanical properties. Polydopamine functionalized barium sulfate particles also facilitated the adsorption and release of the antibiotic levofloxacin. Analysis of the antibacterial capacity of these composites and the metabolic activity and proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts in vitro demonstrated that these materials are non-cytotoxic and can be 3D printed to formulate complex biocompatible materials for bone fixation devices.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Barium Sulfate; Biocompatible Materials; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Drug Carriers; Fibroblasts; Humans; Indoles; Levofloxacin; Mechanical Phenomena; Polyesters; Polymers; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 32751908
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155480 -
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2018To compare the results respectively obtained from the utilization of 60% barium sulfate suspension and Iohexol as contrast agents for videofluoroscopic swallowing... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVES
To compare the results respectively obtained from the utilization of 60% barium sulfate suspension and Iohexol as contrast agents for videofluoroscopic swallowing studies and the relationship between the clinical application of the two kinds of contrast agents and the incidence of pneumonia.
METHODS
Sixty cases of stroke patients with dysphagia were selected in rehabilitation department of our hospital, and the gender, age, position of the disease, and stroke nature between groups had no significant difference. Among which, 30 patients who were administered 350 mgI/ml Iohexol, and the other 30 patients with 60% barium sulfate suspension as contrast agent. We performed videofluoroscopic swallowing studies with barium 60% versus Iohexol within 1 week after admission and 2 weeks after admission.
RESULTS
After 2 weeks in hospital, the aspiration pneumonia incidence of two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05), the pneumonia incidence of Iohexol group was lower than barium sulfate group which might have a impossble relevance with barium aspiration.
CONCLUSIONS
During the videofluoroscopic swallowing study of dysphagia after stroke, barium sulfate can enhance the pneumonia incidence, and Iohexol can be widely applied in videofluoroscopic swallowing study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Barium Sulfate; Contrast Media; Deglutition; Deglutition Disorders; Female; Fluoroscopy; Humans; Iohexol; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia, Aspiration; Stroke Rehabilitation; Video Recording
PubMed: 29924183
DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2018/e182 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Dec 2007Conventional colonoscopy is considered the optimal investigation for rectal bleeding; however, this article explores the use of virtual colonoscopy as a new... (Review)
Review
Conventional colonoscopy is considered the optimal investigation for rectal bleeding; however, this article explores the use of virtual colonoscopy as a new investigative technique
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Barium Sulfate; Colonoscopy; Computer Simulation; Contrast Media; Enema; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Prognosis; Rectal Diseases
PubMed: 18079550
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.39379.598090.AD -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Jan 2007
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Contrast Media; Hernia, Hiatal; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 17200387
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.060952 -
Medicine Nov 2017Even though barium sulphate aspiration during upper gastrointestinal examination is a well-known phenomenon, complication such as long-term lung injury and death may... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Even though barium sulphate aspiration during upper gastrointestinal examination is a well-known phenomenon, complication such as long-term lung injury and death may still occur. This may depend upon the concentration, amount, anatomy, or certain predisposing factors.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 47-year-old woman who had a barium swallow to screen for foreign body in esophagus.
DIAGNOSES
Chest radiographs demonstrated massive barium sulphate depositions in her trachea and inferior lobe of right lung.
INTERVENTIONS
A chest x-ray was done that revealed massive barium sulphate depositions in her trachea and lower lobe of right lung. As the patient did not have further complaints, she requested a transfer to West China Hospital of Sichuan University, the hospital being near her residence, for further treatment. She eventually recovered and was discharged after 1 week.
OUTCOMES
There were 23 articles (22 English and 1 Chinese with 17 men and 11 women) included in the study. The risk factors of barium sulphate aspiration are dysphagia (10/28, 35.71%) followed by esophageal obstruction caused by tumor (5/28, 17.86%) and foreign body in esophagus (3/28, 10.71%). Infants (5/28, 17.86%) are also one of the high-risk population. Both the lungs were affected in most of the patients (21/28, 75%). Majority of the presentation in patients (21/28, 75%) were dyspnea, hypoxemia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or respiratory failure. Few patients (7/28, 25%) showed no symptoms or mild symptoms such as cough and fever. Barium sulphate aspiration can be life-threatening with a high risk of death (nearly 40%).
LESSONS
When performing an upper gastrointestinal examination with barium sulphate, careful consideration of concentration and amount of barium sulphate and that of risk factors should be undertaken so as to avoid life-threatening aspiration.
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Contrast Media; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Esophagus; Female; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Middle Aged; Radiography; Respiratory Aspiration; Trachea
PubMed: 29381987
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008821